Vocabulary for Group 2 Exercises

 

Word Audio Part of Speech Translation/Definition Examples Other
silva, silvae Noun, 1st fem. forest, woods
fortūna, -ae Noun, 1st f. luck, fortune, chance rotam fortūnae nōn timent. (Cicero)
via, viae Noun, 1st f. road, way, street image via trīta, via tuta (proverb) In current use: via
littera, -ae Noun, 1st f. letter (of alphabet) pl.: literary document; literature; letters Hanc [epistolam] Graecīs conscriptam litterīs mittit (Caes. BG V.48.4)
cōpia, -ae Noun, 1st f. supply, abundance pl.: (military) troops; forces; resources
puella, -ae Noun, 1st f. girl
unda, -ae Noun, 1st f. (ocean) wave
causa, -ae Noun, 1st f. cause, reason; court case [hos; quos . . . sine causa timuissent, (Caes. B.G. I.40) causam postulandi iustam (Caes. B.G. I.43) “preposition” + genitive, Group 6
+ gen. Group 6
mors, mortis Noun, 3rd -i stem fem. death In current use: post mortem
nox, noctis Noun, 3rd -i stem fem. night
pars, partis Noun, 3rd -i stem fem. part
vōx, vōcis Noun, 3rd fem. voice, utterance In current use: s.v. (sub voce); vōx populī vōx deī
urbs, urbis Noun, 3rd -i stem fem. city
laus, laudis Noun, 3rd f. praise In current use: cum laude
lēx, lēgis Noun, 3rd f. law
nāvis, nāvis Noun, 3rd -i stem f. ship
morior, morī, mortuus sum Verb, 3rd deponent die Ave, Imperator, moritūrī tē salūtant! (From wall at Pompeii)(ave: hail, greetings)
faciō, facere,fēcī, factus Verb, 3rd -io do; make; make (someone) (something) philosophum nōn facit barba. (Plutarch)flōs ūnus nōn facit hortum. (anon.) In current use: facta non verba
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrus Verb, 3rd -io flee Cf. effugiō; In current use: tempus fugit
adsum, adesse, adfuī, adfutūrus Irregular Verb be present , be (t)here; be near (+ dative “for someone”) omnes qui aderant (Caes. BG 1.32) dum adsumus (Cic. Att. 10.16 si ille adesset (Caes. BG 5.29) dies adest (Cic. Att. 13.12) Prefix
volō, velle, voluī, volitūrus Irregular Verb want, be willing
accipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptus Verb, 3rd -io. receive; take (especially something offered); accept
veniō, -īre, vēnī, ventūrus Verb, 4th come
teneō, -ēre, -uī Verb, 2nd. hold; keep cum summus mons a [Lucio] Labieno teneretur (Caes. BG I.22.1) qui tabulas tenet (Cic. Verr.2.2.108) civium iura tenuerunt (Cic. Cat. 1.11) memoriā tenebat (Caes. BG I.7) neque interdum lacrimas tenere poterant. (Caes. BG I.33) Derivatives: tenacious; tenant; -tain. Synonyms
moveō, -ēre, mōvī, mōtus Verb, 2nd. move _____ Note: transitive
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus Verb, 2nd. (+ infinitive) ought; (passive; + DO) owe Synonyms
prīmus, -a, -um 1st/2nd Adj. first In current use: prīma faciē; primus inter pares
secundus, -a, -um 1st/2nd Adj. second; favorable (as in a wind that is “second” behind you)
longus, -a, -um 1st/2nd Adj. long
melior, melius 3rd Adj. better; rather good Melior est puer pauper et sapiens [abl. of comparison] rege sene et stulto, . . . (Biblia Vulgata Eccles. 4:13) Melius est nomen bonum quam unguenta pretiosa, (Biblia Vulgata Eccles. 7:2)
(Medea fighting new passion) aliudque cupido, mens aliud suadet; video meliora proboque;deteriora [worse, inferior, lower] sequor . (Ovid Met. VII.19-21)
optimus, -a, -um 1st/2nd Adj. best; very good
facilis, -e 3rd Adj. easy
Note: adverb: facile easily facile . . . Nerviīs persuadet [he persuades]. (Caes. BG V.38.4)
omnis, -e 3rd Adj. pl: all sing: every; each In current use: exeunt omnes (plays)
omnēs: everyone
omnia: everything
gravis, -e 3rd Adj. heavy; serious; weighty C.S. Lewis Studies in Words (chapter 3) Synonyms
prior, prius 3rd Adj. previous; prior; former
sōlus, -a, -um Adjective “Pronoun” declension ____alone; only _____ S[oli] D[eo] G[loria] (J.S. Bach at the end of his St. Matthew Passion and many other works) In current use: soli (music)
alius, alia, aliud “Pronoun” Declension Adjective sing.: another __ ; (negative) other ___ pl.: other _____s Note: if the cases are different, they are translated twice, using “one/some . . . one/some, another/others . . . another/others; In current use: inter alia; alias; et al. (et alii)
alii . . . alii (repeated in any cases) some . . . others alia aliīs placent. (anon.) Aliud est enim epistulam, aliud historiam; aliud amīcō, aliud omnibus scrībere. (Pliny Ep. 6.16.22) (cf. also melior, above)
tu, tuī, tibi, tē; vōs, vestrum, vōbīs tēcum vōbīscum Pronoun.(personal) tu /vōs: you (subject) tui/ vestrum: of you tibi /vōbīs: (dative) you tē/vōs: (acc./abl.) you (object) [vestrī: objective genitive, see **]; In current use: Dominus tecum (church)
tēcum/ vōbīscum: with you
id Pronoun/ Demonstrative Adj. Neuter, Nominative/Accusative sing. (pronoun) it; this thing In current use: id (psychology); i.e.[id est]
(adj.) this ___
Quid Pronoun (Interrogative) Neuter, Nominative/Accusative sing. What? Image
hoc Pronoun/ Demonstrative Adj. Neuter, Nominative/Accusative. (adj.) this ____ In current use: ad hoc; post hoc ergo propter hoc
(pronoun) this thing
haec Pronoun/ Demonstrative Adj. Fem. Nom. Sing., Neuter Nom./Acc. Plural (Pronoun): these things; this (fem.) (thing); she
(Adj.): these ____s; this ____ (fem.)
quī, quae, quod Relative Pronoun (person) who; (thing) which; (defining relative: the ___) that For interrogative adj: Group 14; for quod (“in that; because”) sub. conj.) Group 7; “quod” in post-classical Latin “that” (indirect statement); Translating “quod”
ea Pronoun/ Demonstrative Adj. Fem. Nom. Sing., Neuter Nom./Acc. Plural (pronoun) these things; this (fem)(thing); she; this one
(adj.) these (things); this ____ (fem.)
meī Pronoun, Partitive/Objective Genitive, Sing. of me; (objective): for me multaque pars mei vitabit Libitinam [i.e. death] (Hor. C.3.30.6-7)
ubi Interrogative Adverb Where? (always in direct questions) [Daedalus] “Icare,” dixit, “Ubi es?” (Ov. Met. 8.232) Ubi inveniam Pamphilum? (Ter. And. 2.2.1)
Relative Adverb (place) where; omnēs, quī tum eōs agrōs, ubi hodiē est haec urbs, incolēbant . . . (Cic. Rep. 2.2.4) ergo, ubi tyrannus est, ibi . . . (Cic. Rep. 3.31.43)
(time) when ubi ea dies quam constituerat cum legatīs venit, . . .(Caes. BG 1.8)
iam Adv. now, already At pater infelix [“Daedalus] nec iam pater, “Icare,” dixit (Ov. Met. 8.231) Synonyms
tamen (Conjunctive) Adv. nevertheless; still, yet postpositive
in preposition + abl. (+ abl.) in, on In current use: in medias res
preposition + acc. (+ acc.) into; onto
ē / ex preposition + abl. out of; (from) For ē vs. ex see Alternate Forms. For prefix
preposition + abl. about; concerning; of; periculīs (Caes. B.G. V.45.5) In current use: dē novō; DC al fine (de capite al fine Italian < Latin “de capite ad finem”) (music)
(down) from ( a place): (partitive) from; of (a group)
aut coordinating conjunction or hodie . . . aut heri (Plaut. Most. 953) virtus . . . sumit aut ponit secures (Hor. C. 3.2.19) Synonyms (exclusive; objective); In current use: navia aut capita (Roman game; cf. “heads or tails”); par aut impar (Roman game)
aut . . . aut: either . . . or
vel coordinating conjunction or vel auctoritate sua atque exercitūs vel recenti victoria vel nomine populi Romani (Caes. B.G. I.31.16) Synonyms (more options possible; or subjective)
-ve coordinating conjunction ____ve = or _____ -enclitic (attaches to the end of another word, but translated before the word); Synonyms

On to Exercises for Group 2 Vocabulary

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