| Word | Audio | Part of Speech | Translation/Definition | Examples | Other |
| tempus, temporis | Noun, 3rd nt. | time; season | (see nullus below) | In current use: tempus fugit; tempus breve (music) | |
| corpus, corporis | Noun, 3rd nt. | body | In current use: habeas corpus (law); corpus delictī (law); corpus costae/uterī, etc. (medicine); corpus iūris; corpus Christī; corpus albicans (/luteum) (anatomy); corpus callosum (anatomy) | ||
| nōmen, nōminis | Noun, 3rd nt. | name; second of three-part name indicating the gens |
In current use: sub nōmine | ||
| carmen, carminis | Noun, 3rd nt. | song, (lyric) poem | |||
| genus, generis | Noun, 3rd nt. | kind, class, type | In current use: sui generis | ||
| opus, operis | Noun, 3rd nt. | work; task opus est (+ ablative): there is need (of ___) |
Synonyms (opus est); in current use: magnum opus | ||
| pectus, pectoris | Noun, 3rd nt. | chest; breast (sometimes plural for singular in poetry) |
(Medea talking about Jason) certē mea pectora movit. (Ov. Met. VII.28) | ||
| flūmen, flūminis | Noun, 3rd nt. | river | |||
| cōnsilium, -ī | Noun, 2nd nt. | plan, advice | |||
| imperium, -ī | Noun, 2nd nt. | command; sphere of command, empire |
Rōmānum imperium, . . . ā Romulō exordium habet, quī Reae Silviae, Vestālis virginis, fīlius et . . . Martis . . . est. (Eutropius Breviarium) | ||
| studium, -ī | Noun, 2nd nt. | zeal, eagerness; study |
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| proelium, -ī | Noun, 2nd nt. | battle | |||
| castrum, -ī | Noun, 2nd nt. | (military) camp; pl. (military legionary base) camp |
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| regnum, -ī | Noun, 2nd nt. | rule; sphere of rule, kingdom | |||
| perīculum, -ī | Noun, 2nd nt. | danger, risk, peril; trial, attempt | |||
| signum, -ī | Noun, 2nd nt. | sign, signal | oculīs mihi signum dedit. (Plautus Mil. 123) | ||
| regō, -ere, rēxī, rēctus | Verb, 3rd | rule ___, direct ____, govern ____, (keep ___ straight) | Note: rego is transitive, whereas regno (Group 13) is intransitive. | ||
| dīcō, -ere, dīxī, dictus | Verb, 3rd | say ____; mean |
Haec cum dixissent, (Caes.BG V.44.4) | ||
| ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus | Verb, Irregular | bear ___; carry ___, bring ___; endure ___ | |||
| referō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātus | Verb, Irregular | bring ___ back; report ___ | re- Prefix | ||
| audiō, -īre, audīvī, -ītus | Verb, 4th | hear ___; listen to ___ | Iēiūnus venter nōn audit verba libenter (Medieval) | ||
| sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus | Verb, 4th | know ___ | Synonyms | ||
| inveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventus | Verb, 4th | find ___, come upon ___ | fāta viam invenient(Verg.Aen. 3.395) Ubi inveniam Pamphilum? (Ter. And. 2.2.1) |
Synonyms | |
| putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | Verb, 1st | think ___ | Synonyms | ||
| relinquō, -ere, relīquī, relictus | Verb, 3rd | leave ____ behind, abandon ____, leave ____ | nox Aenean somnusque relīquit. (Verg. Aen. 8.67) | re- Prefix; see also Synonyms | |
| noster, nostra, nostrum | 1st/2nd Adj. | our; (predicate adjective) ours |
In current use: pater noster (church); mare nostrum |
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| meus, mea, meum | 1st/2nd Adj. | my; (predicate adjective) mine |
(see pectus above) | Note: vocative masc.: mī In current use: mea culpa |
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| magnus, -a, -um | 1st/2nd Adj. | large, great, big | In current use: magna cum laude | ||
| māximus, -a, -um | 1st/2nd Adj. | largest, greatest; very large, very big | |||
| quantus, -a, -um | 1st/2nd Adj. | how big a ____ | Correlative | ||
| tantus, -a, -um | 1st/2nd Adj. | so great (a ___); such a big ____; such great | tanta militum virtūs . . . fuit (Caes. BG V.43.4 |
Correlative | |
| miser, misera, miserum | 1st/2nd Adj. | poor, wretched, miserable | |||
| reliquus, -a, -um | 1st/2nd Adj. | (the one/those) left; the remaining | reliquam partem exercitūs (Caes. BG V.46.5) | Synonyms (ceteri; alii) | |
| fortis, -e | 3rd Adj. | strong, brave | In current use: aqua fortis (science); forte (music) |
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| dulcis, -e | 3rd Adj. | sweet | |||
| nūllus, -a, -um | “Pronoun” Declension Adj. | no _____ | nūlla pars nocturnī temporis (Caes.BG V.40) Nūlla regula sine exceptione. (anon.) (regula, -ae rule) |
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| eius, eōrum, eārum | Pronoun/Demonstrative Adj. | eius pronoun: his, her, its; (part/___) of it/him, her; eōrum, eārum: their; (part/____) of them adj.: of this/these _____ |
sub eōrum imperiō (Caes. BG V.38) | ||
| cuius | Pronoun, Interrogative/Relative | whose ____; (part/ the ___) of which, of whom |
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| quōrum, quārum | Pronoun, Interrogative/Relative | whose (pl) _____; (part/the ___) of which, of whom (pl) |
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| huius, hōrum, hārum | Pronoun/Demonstrative Adj. | adj.: of this/these ______(s) pronoun: his; its; her; this one’s; (part/___) of it (/him/her); their |
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| ibi | Adverb | there; in that place | |||
| tunc | Adverb | then | |||
| tum | Adverb | then; at that time | Correlative | ||
| simul | Adverb | together; at the same time | Correlative | ||
| ā/ ab | Preposition + Abl. | (+ thing/person) away from; from (+ person) by (whom something was done) |
In current use: ab ovō See Alternative forms |
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| ante | Preposition + Acc. | before; in front of | ante lūcem (Plaut. Am. 2.1.55) tibi, Neptune, ante aliōs deōs gratiās agō. (Plaut. Trin. 4.1.5) |
In current use: ante bellum; a.m. (ante meridiem < medium diem); a.c. = ante cibum (prescriptions) | |
| sine | Prepositon + Abl. | without | Nūlla regula sine exceptione. (anon.) (regula, -ae rule) sine causā (Caes. B.G. I.40.6 |
In current use: sine die; sine qua non | |
| -que | Coordinating Conjunction | ____que = and (. . . ) _____ | acerrimē fortissimēque (Caes.BG V.43.4) | Enclitic: added to the end of a word, but translated before the word it is added to. Synonyms (et/; ac/atque). In current use: SPQR (senātus populusque Rōmānus) |
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| ac / atque | Coordinating Conjunction | and | See Alternative forms. Synonyms (et; -que) |
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| nisi | Subordinating Conjunction | (not . . . ) unless; if . . . not (+ word or phrase) except |