|
Word
|
Part of Speech
|
Translation/Definition
|
Examples
|
Other
|
| aequor, -oris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
(flat, level surface); the sea [esp. in poetry] |
|
|
| os, ossis |
Noun 3rd nt. |
bone |
|
Note short vowel and stem vs. ōs,ōris, Group 6
English: ossify |
| latus, lateris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
side; flank |
|
Distinguish from adj. lātus, -a, -um, Group 9 and particple of ferō, Group 3 |
| lūmen, -minis |
Noun 3rd nt. |
light; lamp or light source; daylight;
light of the eye; eye; life |
|
|
| iūs, iūris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
a (legal) right; law;
court of law |
|
In current use: corpus iūris; ius civile; ius gentium |
| iūdicium, -ī |
Noun 2nd nt. |
judgment; trial |
|
|
| iūdex, -dicis |
Noun 3rd m. |
a judge |
sē damnat iudex, innocentem quī
opprimit. (Publilius Syrus) |
|
| cor, cordis |
Noun 3rd nt. |
heart |
|
English: cordial |
| scelus, sceleris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
wicked deed, crime;
scoundrel, rascal [colloquial; esp. in comedy] |
|
|
| vulnus, vulneris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
a wound; injury |
|
Note:Listed in some dictionaries under “uolnus” (archaic form) |
| decus, decoris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
(that which gives or shows distinction, glory, honor, beauty); an ornament; honor, dignity |
|
|
| moenia, -ium |
Noun 3rd nt. (pl.) |
(fortified) walls, city walls; fortifications; ramparts, bulwarks |
|
|
| aes, aeris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
copper; bronze;
(copper) money |
aes alienum (= debt) |
|
| fūnus, -eris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
funeral rites; a funeral; burial |
|
|
| nemus, -oris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
a grove |
|
|
| pondus, -eris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
weight; a heavy load, burden |
|
|
| crīmen, -minis |
Noun 3rd nt. |
an accusation, charge; fault, crime, offence (that one is charged with/of) |
|
|
| vēr, vēris |
Noun 3rd nt. |
spring (season) |
|
English: vernal equinox |
| rūs, rūrus |
Noun 3rd nt. |
the country, countryside; a farm
(locative: rūrī)in the country |
|
|
| dōnum, -ī |
Noun 2nd nt. |
a gift, present; votive offering to a deity |
|
|
| praecipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptus |
Verb 3rd -io
(+ dat.) |
take before(hand); anticipate;
instruct, teach; give rules |
|
|
| praesum, praeesse, praefuī |
Verb Irregular
(+ dat.) |
be in charge of, preside over |
|
|
| praestō, -āre, -stitī, -stitus |
Verb 1st |
(stand over); excel, surpass;
(impersonal) it is preferable, it is better;
show; exhibit; offer |
|
|
| praebeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus |
Verb 2nd |
hold out, offer; give; provide, supply; show |
|
|
| praeficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectus |
Verb 3rd -io
(+ acc. + dat.) |
put in charge of, over; |
|
|
| *iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
swear, take an oath |
|
|
| iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
judge; decide, determine |
“Hic dies de nostris controversiis iudicabit.” (Caesar B.G.5.44.3) |
|
| probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
make or find good; approve, recommend; prove, demonstrate;
test, inspect (and find good) |
Amīcus in necessitāte probātur.
(Medieval) |
|
| constō, -āre, -stitī, -stātūrus |
Verb 1st |
stand firm; be composed (of), consist (of); depend on; correspond (to) be certain, be settled |
|
|
| mandō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
order, command, give a mandate; hand over, entrust, commit |
|
Note: often with ut indirect command clause |
| sonō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
make a noise, sound;
speak, cry; sing (in celebration)[poetic]; signify, mean |
|
|
| properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
hasten, hurry, make haste |
(see “paulum” below) |
|
| portō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
carry |
|
|
| volō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum |
Verb 1st |
fly |
fāma volat. (Vergil) |
|
| comparō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
prepare, get ready; set in order |
|
Note: there is another comparo < com + par stem |
| indicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
point out, indicate, show; betray, inform against |
|
|
| cōgitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
think, ponder, turn over in the mind; reflect on;
think of, have in mind, intend |
|
|
| temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st
+ infinitive |
try, make trial of, attempt, test |
|
|
| dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
doubt, be uncertain, waver;
(+ infinitive) hesitate |
|
|
| occupō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
seize, occupy |
|
|
| vacō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum |
Verb 1st
+ ablative (of separation) |
be empty, be without;
be free from work; be at leisure |
|
|
| dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
give as a present, grant; forgive, remit, pardon |
|
|
| certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
strive, contend |
(Orpheus as Eurydice slips back again to the Underworld) bracchiaque intendens prendīque et prendere (to grasp, take hold of) certans (Ovid Met. 10.58) |
|
| līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
set free, free, liberate |
|
|
| ignōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
not know, be ignorant of |
|
|
| cessō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum |
Verb 1st |
cease from, stop; delay; be inactive, be idle |
|
|
| celebrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
be frequent, visit frequently; fill, throng; celebrate; honor |
|
|
| vigilō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus |
Verb 1st |
be awake, keep awake, be watchful, watch |
|
|
| decet, decuit |
Verb 2nd Impersonal |
it is fitting, suitable, seemly, proper |
|
|
| mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus |
Verb 4th |
fortify, defend (with a wall); protect, secure |
|
|
| praesēns, (-sentis) |
Adjective 3rd |
|
|
|
| aequus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
level; equal; fair, reasonable, just; even, calm |
|
|
| cārus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
dear; precious; costly |
|
|
| nimius, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
very great; too great; excessive; too much |
|
|
| paulus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
little, small |
|
|
| paulum |
Adverb |
a little, somewhat;
a little while |
paulumque morati, serius aut citius sedem properamus ad unam (Ovid Met. 10.32 |
|
| iūstus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
just, right; lawful; proper |
|
|
| grātus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
pleasing, acceptable; deserving thanks
thankful, grateful |
|
In current use: persona non grata |
| posterī, -ae, -a |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
coming after, following, later |
|
|
| postrēmus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
last;
lowest, worst |
|
|
| citus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
quick, swift, rapid |
(cf. comparative adv. with paulum, above) |
Synonym |
| fessus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
tired, worn out, exhausted |
|
|
| aliēnus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
belonging to another;
strange, foreign |
(see “aes” above and “quasi” below) |
|
| placidus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
calm, still, quiet, peaceful |
|
|
| superbus, -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
proud, haughty, arrogant, overbearing;
superb |
|
|
| dubius, , -a, -um |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
wavering, uncertain, doubtful |
|
|
| līber, lībera, līberum |
Adjective 1st/2nd |
free |
|
In current use: mare līberum |
| iste, ista, istud |
Adjective “Pronoun” Declension |
that (_____ of yours) |
|
|
| Pronoun |
| quondam |
Adverb |
once, at some time (past or future) |
Hīc iacet Arthurus, rex quondam rexque futurus (said to have been on Arthur’s tomb apud Sir Thomas Mallory, Le Morte d’Arthur) |
|
| ferē |
Adverb |
generally, pretty much, for the most part, mostly, about |
eodem fere tempore (Caesar) |
|
| māne |
Adverb |
in the morning; early (in the morning) |
|
|
| quōmodo |
Adverb |
how, (in what way) |
|
Note: sometimes written as two words. |
| scīlicet |
Adverb |
obviously, plainly, evidently, certainly |
|
(< scire licet)
Synonyms (Schrickx Lateinische Modalpartikeln) |
|
quasi
|
Subordinating Conjunction |
as if, as though [but not actually] |
Syracusīs captīs, Marcellus aedificiis omnibus sic pepercit quasi ad ea defendenda non oppugnanda venisset. (Cic. Verr. 2.4.54)
sic vive tamquam cras moriturus, sic stude quasi semper vīcturus (attributed to Erasmus) |
Synonyms (tamquam) |
| Adverb |
as if; _____as it were, ____ so to speak (often apologizing for a metaphor) |
(we parasites) quasi mures (mice) semper edimus alienum cibum. (Plaut. Capt. 1.1.9) |