Latin Pronouns

Contents: Pronoun Declension I. Demonstrative Pronoun/ Adjective (is, ea, is; hic, haec, hoc; iste, ista,istud; ille, illa, illud) II. Personal Pronoun and Possessive Adjective (ego/nōs; meus, noster; tu/vōs; tuus, vester) III. Reflexive Pronoun and Reflexive Adjective (suī, suus) IV. Interrogative A. Interrogative Pronoun (Quis? Quid?) B. Interrogative Adjective (Quī, Quae, Quod) V. Relative Pronoun (quī, quae, quod) VI. -dam VII. -dem (īdem, eadam, idem) VIII. ipse, ipsa, ipsum IX. ali- indefinite X. Comparative (-ter) XI. -que distributive indefinite XII. -cum-(que) XIII. Miscellaneous Indefinite XIV Repeated XV. Related Forms “Pronoun Declension” [used also for certain adjectives: ūllus, nūllus, ūnus, sōlus, totus, alius, alter, uter, neuter] Nominative: -s (masc. or masc./fem.) *-d/-um (neuter) Genitive sing: īus Dative sing: ī Otherwise: regular 1st or 2nd declension endings (-us, -a, -um) Note: dative/ablative plural may be –ibus instead of –īs * Note: Where there are neuter forms in -quid and -quod, the -quid is the pronoun and the -quod is the adjective (e.g. interrogative pronoun quid vs interrogative adjective quod). I. Demonstrative is, ea, id: usually pronoun (he, she, it; see below) as adjective: this, that [time] the _____ [that relative clause] hic, haec, hoc this (pl. these) iste, ista, istud: that (by you/of yours) [sometimes contemptuous] ille, illa, illud that (pl. those) [Nominative: change to new subject] Forms and Translations of is, ea, id:

case masc. masc. fem. fem. neuter neuter
nom. is he (it) e-a she (it) id it
gen. eius his (of him/it) eius hers (of her/it) eius its/of it
dat. (to/for) him (to/for) her (for/to) it
acc. eum him (it) eam her/ it id it
abl. him/it her/it it
nom. eī/iī they eae they e-a they
gen. eōrum their (/of them) eārum their (/of them) eōrum their/of them
dat. eīs/iīs (to/for) them eīs/iīs (to/for) them eīs/iīs (for/to) them
acc. eōs them eās them e-a them
abl. eīs/iīs them eīs/iīs them eīs/iīs them
II Personal Pronoun and Possessive Adjective
Pronouns

case singular plural
nom. ego I nōs we
gen. meī of me nostrum nostrī of us (partitive) of us (objective)
dat. mihi (to/for) me nōbīs (to/for) us
acc. me nōs us (/IS: we)
abl. [prep] mē mēcum me with me [prep] nōbīs nōbīscum us with us
*Possessive Adjectives meus, -a, -um: my (attributive) mine (predicate) noster, nostra, nostrum: our(s) *N.B. case, #, and gender agree with the noun described, not with the person.

case singular plural
nom. you vōs you (pl.)
gen. tuī of you vestrum vestrī of you (partitive) of you (objective)
dat. tibi (to/for) you vōbīs (to/for) you
acc. you vōs you (/IS: we)
abl. [prep] tē tēcum you with you [prep] vōbīs vōbīscum you with you
*Possessive Adjectives tuus, -a, -um: your; (predicate: your(s)) vester, vestra, vestrum: your; predicate: your(s)) *N.B. case, #, and gender agree with the noun described.
(3rd person: other than the subject: see demonstrative, especially is, ea, id) III. Reflexive Pronoun and Adjective: (referring back to the subject) 3rd person Pronoun suī, sibi, , sē [subject]_____ –self/-selves Possessive Adjective suus, -a, -um: subject’s/subjects’ own _____ IV. Interrogative
A. Interrogative Pronoun

singular masc. fem. neuter
nom. quis who? quis who? quid what?
gen. cuius whose? cuius whose? cuius of what?
dat. cuī (to/for) whom cuī (to/for) whom cuī (for) what
acc. quem whom Whom [does] _____ _____? quam whom quid what What [does] _____ _____?
abl. [prep.] quō whom [prep.] quā quācum whom (_____ whom [does _____ _____]? with whom [does _____ _____]? [prep.] quō what
plural
nom. quī who? quae who quae what?
gen. quōrum whose? quārum whose? quōrum of what?
dat. quibus (to/for)whom? quibus (to/for) whom? quibus (for) what?
acc. quōs whom? Whom [does] _____ _____? quās whom? quae what? What [does] _____ _____?
abl. [prep.] quibus whom? [prep.] quibus quibuscum whom? with whom [does _____ _____]? [prep.] quibus what?
B. Interrogative Adjective quī, quae, quod agreeing with a noun (same case, #, gender): Which_____? What _____? V. Relative Pronoun

singular masc. fem. neuter
nom. quī (person) who ([m. thing] which) quae who ([f. thing] which) quod (thing) which
gen. cuius (person) whose (person, _____ of whom) cuius whose person, _____ of whom) cuius (_____) of which
dat. cuī (to/for) whom cuī (to/for) whom cuī (for) which
acc. quem whom ([m. thing] which) e.g. (person,) whom subject _____ed quam whom ([f. thing] which) e.g. (person,) whom subject _____ed quod which e.g. (thing,) which the subject ______ed
abl. [prep.] quō _____ whom (m. thing by/with which) [prep.] quā _____ whom (f. thing by/with which) quō (by/with) which
Plural: Forms same as Interrogative, Translations same as Relative Pronoun Singular. Remember: people = who (or restrictive, defining- no comma- that) things = which (or restrictive that) VI. -dam “a certain” (identity known but not given) Quīdam (m), quaedam (f), quiddam (nt. pronoun) quoddam (nt. adjective): a certain (person, one; thing); pl. some; certain (ones) Note: the -dam suffix does not decline; the first part declines like the relative pronoin except that forms ending in -m change the -m to -n (before -d): acc. sing masc. quendam fem. quandam gen. pl. masc. quōrundam fem. quārundam quondam once, sometime VII. -dem “the same” ī-dem, ea-dem, i-dem (is + -dem) Note: the suffix does not decline; the first part declines like is, ea, id, except forms ending in -m change the -m to -n (before -d) acc. sing masc. eundem fem. eandem gen. pl. masc. eōrundem fem eārundem VIII ipse, ipsa, ipsum: [_____] _____ -self/selves (intensive adjective) (post-classical: also demonstrative adjective/pronoun this, it The declension is like ille, illa, illud, except that the neuter nom./acc/ singular end in -um instead of -ud. IX. ali- indefinite alius, -a, -um another; other _____ aliī…aliī (or repeated in any case): some…others ali-quis (someone, anyone) aliquid (something, anything) si quis, si quid if anyone; if anything aliqui, aliquae/aliqua, aliquod (adjective):any _____, some _____ si qui, si qua, si quod if any _____ ali-quando at some time; sometimes ali-ter (adv.) otherwise ali-quot some (number of); several ali-quot-iens several times ali-quam-diu for some time al-ibi, elsewhere X. Comparative (-ter) alter, altera, alterum one/ the other (of two) uter, utra, utruum which (of two) neuter, neutra, neutrum neither (of two) XI. -que: distributive indefinite (each) (the -que suffix does not decline) ubique: (on each side) everwhere undique: from each/every side quisque, quidque each/every one uterque, utraque, utrumque each (of two) unusquisque every single one, each one individually XII. -cum-(que) = “-so-” (“ever”) (in the middle of a pronoun) qui-cum-que, quaecumque, quodcumque whoseoever; whatsoever quocumque quantus-cum-que qualis-cum-que unde-cum-que quando-cum-que quotiens-cum-que XIII. Miscellaneous Indefinite (the suffixes on these do not decline; the first part declines like the relative pronoun/interrogative pronoun) quilibet, quaelibet, quodlibet (pron: quidlibet) anyone/anything; [any you will] quisquam, quidquam [after a negative] anyone, anybody; anything qui-vis, quaevis, quid-vis whoever you will, anyone; whatever you will, anything quispiam, quidpiam anyone, someone; anything, something *nescioquis, nescioquid/-quod someone/thing (I don’t know [and don’t care] who/what (*only the second part declines) XIV. Repeated (both parts decline) quisquis, quidquid/quicquid (indefinite relative): whoever, whatever; (indefinite) anyone, anything Related Forms: Demonstrative Adjective: hic this ille that Adverbs:

motion “from” a place place where motion “to” a place translation
hinc hīc hūc here
illinc illīc illūc there
inde ibi there
unde? ubi? quō? where
Related Forms

Interrogative (Answer) (Cor)-Relative Indefinite
Quis? Quid? is, ea, id qui, quae, quod aliquid, aliquid
quantus? tantus quantus as aliquantus
Qualis talis qualis as
Ubi? ibi ubi alicubi
Quo? eo quo aliquo
qua? ea qua aliqua
Unde? inde unde alicunde
Quando? tum (cum…) aliquando
Quot? tot quot as aliquot
Quotiens? totiens quotiens as aliquotiens